Endovenous laser: a new minimally invasive method of treatment for varicose veins--preliminary observations using an 810 nm diode laser.

BACKGROUND: Long-term success in the treatment of truncal and significant branch leg varicosities, when the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) and the greater saphenous vein (GSV) are involved, depends on the elimination of the highest point of reflux and the incompetent venous segment, and is best achieved by surgical ligation and stripping. Minimally invasive alternatives in the treatment of varicose veins with SFJ and GSV incompetence have been tried over the years to increase patient comfort, reduce cost and risk, and allow implementation by a wide variety of practitioners resulting in varying degrees of success depending on the fulfillment of the above two premises and the effectiveness of the method used.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a novel way to use laser energy through an endoluminal laser fiber for the minimally invasive treatment of truncal varicosities that eliminates the highest point of reflux and the incompetent segment.

METHODS: Patients were treated with 810 nm diode laser energy administered endovenously through a bare-tipped laser fiber (400-750 microm). Vein access for endoluminal placement of the fiber through a catheter was achieved by means of percutaneous or stab wound incision under ultrasound guidance and local anesthesia. Exact placement of the fiber was determined by direct observation of the aiming beam through the skin and by ultrasound confirmation.

RESULTS: Preliminary short-term postprocedure results (up to 1 year, 2 months after treatment) in the endovenous laser treatment of 40 greater saphenous veins in 33 patients indicate a 100% rate of closure with no significant complications. In addition, a 2-year experience of 80 cases of isolated branch varicosities (Giacomini, anterolateral branch, etc.) also shows a 100% rate of closure.

CONCLUSION: Early results of our endoluminal laser methodology indicate a very effective and safe way to eliminate SFJ incompetence and close the GSV. With proper patient selection, the ease of methodology and the reduced risk and cost associated with endovenous laser treatment may make it a successful minimally invasive alternative for a wide group of patients that previously would have required ligation and stripping.