Neurocysticercosis: a review.

BACKGROUND: In North America, the largest number of neurosurgical cases stemming from parasitic infections involves the larval form of Taenia solium, the infectious organism causing neurocysticercosis. This infection of the central nervous system (CNS) is most commonly seen in areas with significant immigrant populations and can often present particular challenges to treating physicians.

METHODS: A review of the literature was performed, highlighting the epidemiology, parasitology, and clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis. Particular attention was paid to 4 locations of neurocysticercosis lesions: parenchymal, subarachnoid/cisternal, intraventricular, and spinal.

RESULTS: Both medical and surgical interventions may be necessary for adequate treatment of neurocysticercosis, depending on various factors, including location of lesion.

CONCLUSIONS: A review of neurocysticercosis, with particular attention paid to location of disease involvement in the CNS, provides important information to the clinical management of this disease.