Supracricoid hemilaryngopharyngectomy in patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. Part II: Incidence and consequences of local recurrence.

Supracricoid hemilaryngopharyngectomy (SCHLP) was performed in 147 patients over a 19-year period for previously untreated invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. With a minimum of 3 years' follow-up, the current retrospective series was designed to document the incidence, risk factors, and consequences of local recurrence following SCHLP. Before operation, 97.4% of patients had an induction chemotherapy regimen. A complete clinical response and a complete histologic regression were noted in 21.7% and 16.8% of patients, respectively. A significant statistical relationship (p = .0001) was noted between complete clinical response and complete histologic regression. Postoperative radiotherapy was used in 49.8% of patients. The overall local recurrence rate was 8.2%. The 5-year actuarial (Kaplan-Meier life-table method) local control estimate was 90.4%. As a function of T stage, the 5-year actuarial local control estimates were 96.2%, 91.1%, 92.9%, and 62.6% in patients with tumors classified as T1, T2, T3, and T4a, respectively. On univariate analysis, the overall local recurrence rate varied significantly, from 5.3% to 55.6% if the apex of the pyriform sinus was invaded (p = .02), 6.9% to 18.7% if the posterior pharyngeal wall was invaded (p = .03), and 6.3% to 60% if the margins of resection were positive (p = .02). In a stepwise regression model, positive margins of resection (odds ratio, 8.4; 95% confidence interval, 2.2 to 32.2; p = .002) and invasion of the apex of the pyriform sinus (odds ratio, 6.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 33.3; p = .04) were the variables statistically associated with an increased risk of local recurrence. Local recurrence resulted in a statistically significant increased risk of nodal recurrence (p = .005) and death (p < .004). The overall laryngeal preservation rate was 91.2%. From an oncological perspective, these results suggest that SCHLP should become a major tool in the armamentarium of the head and neck surgeon and should be integrated into future trials aimed at organ preservation in patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the pyriform sinus.