The neurologic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus.

BACKGROUND: Often patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffer from neurologic symptoms and at times the diagnosis of SLE is made after patients present with neurologic events. Although diagnostic criteria for SLE have included seizures and psychosis, there are 19 recognized neurologic manifestations of the disease.

REVIEW SUMMARY: The various neurologic manifestations of SLE are reviewed as are the various treatment options. The pathophysiology of the major syndromes is reviewed.

CONCLUSION: Neurologists need to be familiar with the various ways SLE can present and the various neurologic complications known lupus patients can experience. Because of the various treatment options available, rapid recognition of these syndromes is critical.