We have located links that may give you full text access.
COMPARATIVE STUDY
JOURNAL ARTICLE
RESEARCH SUPPORT, N.I.H., EXTRAMURAL
Timing of solid food introduction and risk of obesity in preschool-aged children.
Pediatrics 2011 March
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between timing of introduction of solid foods during infancy and obesity at 3 years of age.
METHODS: We studied 847 children in Project Viva, a prospective pre-birth cohort study. The primary outcome was obesity at 3 years of age (BMI for age and gender ≥ 95th percentile). The primary exposure was the timing of introduction of solid foods, categorized as <4, 4 to 5, and ≥ 6 months. We ran separate logistic regression models for infants who were breastfed for at least 4 months ("breastfed") and infants who were never breastfed or stopped breastfeeding before the age of four months ("formula-fed"), adjusting for child and maternal characteristics, which included change in weight-for-age z score from 0 to 4 months-a marker of early infant growth.
RESULTS: In the first 4 months of life, 568 infants (67%) were breastfed and 279 (32%) were formula-fed. At age 3 years, 75 children (9%) were obese. Among breastfed infants, the timing of solid food introduction was not associated with odds of obesity (odds ratio: 1.1 [95% confidence interval: 0.3-4.4]). Among formula-fed infants, introduction of solid foods before 4 months was associated with a sixfold increase in odds of obesity at age 3 years; the association was not explained by rapid early growth (odds ratio after adjustment: 6.3 [95% confidence interval: 2.3-6.9]).
CONCLUSIONS: Among formula-fed infants or infants weaned before the age of 4 months, introduction of solid foods before the age of 4 months was associated with increased odds of obesity at age 3 years.
METHODS: We studied 847 children in Project Viva, a prospective pre-birth cohort study. The primary outcome was obesity at 3 years of age (BMI for age and gender ≥ 95th percentile). The primary exposure was the timing of introduction of solid foods, categorized as <4, 4 to 5, and ≥ 6 months. We ran separate logistic regression models for infants who were breastfed for at least 4 months ("breastfed") and infants who were never breastfed or stopped breastfeeding before the age of four months ("formula-fed"), adjusting for child and maternal characteristics, which included change in weight-for-age z score from 0 to 4 months-a marker of early infant growth.
RESULTS: In the first 4 months of life, 568 infants (67%) were breastfed and 279 (32%) were formula-fed. At age 3 years, 75 children (9%) were obese. Among breastfed infants, the timing of solid food introduction was not associated with odds of obesity (odds ratio: 1.1 [95% confidence interval: 0.3-4.4]). Among formula-fed infants, introduction of solid foods before 4 months was associated with a sixfold increase in odds of obesity at age 3 years; the association was not explained by rapid early growth (odds ratio after adjustment: 6.3 [95% confidence interval: 2.3-6.9]).
CONCLUSIONS: Among formula-fed infants or infants weaned before the age of 4 months, introduction of solid foods before the age of 4 months was associated with increased odds of obesity at age 3 years.
Full text links
Related Resources
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app