Pulmonary: renal syndrome with a focus on anti-GBM disease.

Pulmonary-renal syndrome is a potentially life-threatening combination of pulmonary hemorrhage and acute renal failure. Several pathological entities can cause this syndrome. This review discusses the diagnostic strategy required to initiate appropriate therapy. Rapid serological testing and appropriate interpretation can be of great additive diagnostic value. Also discussed are the pathogenesis, therapy, and outcome of anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, one of the pathological entities that can cause pulmonary-renal syndrome.