Evaluating the applicability of a biodegradable osteosynthesis plating system in the management of zygomatico-maxillary complex fractures.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to evaluate and analyze the efficacy of bioresorbable plates and screws in internal fixation of zygomatico-maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures and to evaluate the incidence of complications associated with the procedure.

STUDY DESIGN: Case series with planned data collection.

SETTING: Pt BD Sharma University of Health Sciences.

SUBJECT AND METHODS: A total of 14 patients with isolated ZMC fractures were included, and exclusion of grossly comminuted, pathological, and infected fractures was done. Open reduction internal fixation was done with biodegradable plates and screws. All patients were reviewed clinically and radiographically at regular follow-up. Occlusion, stability of fracture segments, anesthesia or paresthesia of the infraorbital nerve region, and various complications were assessed periodically.

RESULTS: Fourteen patients with 34 fracture sites were included in the study. Intraoperatively, there were 2 incidences of screw head fracture. As observed clinically, there was complete stability of fracture segments, and no maxillomandibular fixation was required postoperatively. Paresthesia of the infraorbital nerve was present in 5 patients, but the sensation recovered completely in the first 3 months after surgery. The mean pain score was 3 on a visual analogue scale. In 1 case, ectropion developed, and dehiscence occurred in another patient in the early postoperative period. Postoperative radiographs were evaluated for the accuracy of fracture reduction and stability of fixation.

CONCLUSION: The biodegradable osteosynthesis system exhibits adequate strength and has negligible complications. This system is technique sensitive with satisfactory results in the management of mild to moderately displaced ZMC fractures.