Trochlear dysplasia and the role of trochleoplasty.

The diagnosis and treatment of chronic patellar instability caused by trochlear dysplasia can be challenging. A dysplastic trochlea leads to biomechanical and kinematic changes that often require surgical correction when symptomatic. In the past, trochlear dysplasia was classified using the 4-part Dejour classification system. More recently, new classification systems have been proposed. Future studies are needed to investigate long-term outcomes after trochleoplasty.