Delayed transmastoid facial nerve decompression surgery in patients with Ramsay-Hunt syndrome presenting with neurophysiologically complete paralysis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of delayed transmastoid facial nerve decompression in patients with Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (RHS) presenting with complete facial paralysis.

METHODS: Twenty-five RHS patients with complete facial nerve paralysis presenting electroneuronographic (ENoG) degeneration ≥90% underwent transmastoid facial nerve decompression more than 3 weeks after the onset of paralysis. The principal features measured were 12 months pre- and post-operative House-Brackmann (HB) grades and the presence of a direct intraoperative neural response (INR) prior to decompression procedure. Correlations between these parameters, and the time between symptom onset and surgery (within or later than 30 and 50 d) were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: Of the 25 patients 13 (52%) exhibited good recovery (HB grade I or II) at 12 months-post-operatively. The timing of decompression generally did not significantly influence outcome but patients treated within 50 d of symptom onset enjoyed better outcomes than those treated later (p = .047). The presence of an INR significantly influenced outcomes (p = .0003).

CONCLUSIONS: The success of delayed transmastoid facial nerve decompression in RHS patients was not affected between 25-30 and 30-40 d from symptom onset but was compromised when the delay was >50 d. The presence or absence of an INR was a good predictor of post-operative prognosis.