Implementing the 2016 American Academy of Pediatrics Guideline on Brief Resolved Unexplained Events: The Parent's Perspective.

OBJECTIVES: A "brief resolved unexplained event" refers to sudden alterations in an infant's breathing, color, tone, or responsiveness that prompt the parent or caregiver to seek emergency medical care. A recently published clinical practice guideline encourages discharging many of these infants home from the emergency department if they have a benign presentation. The goal is to avoid aggressive inpatient investigations of uncertain benefit. The present research explored parents' reactions to the prospect of returning home with their infant following such an event.

METHODS: The study used qualitative research methods to analyze semistructured, audio-recorded interviews of parents who had witnessed a brief resolved unexplained event between 2011 and 2015 and taken their infant to the emergency department of an academic teaching hospital.

RESULTS: A total of 22 parent interviews were conducted. The infants included 8 boys and 14 girls aged 3.6 ± 3.5 months (mean ± SD). Qualitative analysis of interview transcripts revealed a near-universal apprehension about the child's well-being, ambivalence about the best course of action after the evaluation in the emergency department, and need for reassurance about the unlikelihood of a recurrence. Parents did not, however, answer the main research question with a single voice: attitudes toward the return-home scenario ranged from unthinkable to extreme relief. Two-thirds of parents expressed at least some reservations about the idea of returning home.

CONCLUSIONS: Successful implementation of the 2016 guideline will require close attention to the parent's point of view. Otherwise, parental resistance is likely to compromise clinicians' best efforts.