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Review of current challenges in the diagnosis and therapy of cardiac myxomas.
Kardiologia Polska 2020 March 25
Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign cardiac tumor. Cardiac myxoma location in general population is approximately 75% in the left atrium and typically arising from the foramen ovale, 23% in the right atrium and only 2% in the ventricles. The symptoms of cardiac myxomas depend on the size, mobility and relation to surrounding cardiac structures. Neurological complications resulting from cardiac myxomas are seen in 20-25% of patients. Molecular genetic studies show that mutations in PRKAR1A gene cause inherited myxomas in setting of the Carney complex tumor syndrome. Cardiac myxoma resection is a low complications rate cardiac surgery operation and the 30-mortality rate is accounting about 0-10%. Recurrence rate of CM is 5 % approximately and may be observe months or years after operation. Long-term follow-up is needed in all patients after tumor resection with transthoracic echocardiography.
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