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Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Human granulocytes lack red cell Kx antigen.
British Journal of Haematology 1986 April
We have investigated the presence or absence of the red cell Kx antigen on human granulocytes by measuring specific uptake of anti-Kx using three techniques: direct measurement by 125I-staphylococcal protein A (125I-SPA) and avidin-biotin-complex (ABC) immunoperoxidase staining and also, an indirect measurement using granulocyte adsorption of anti-Kx. Our results with all three methods indicate that the Kx antigen is not present on normal human granulocytes. Prior to adsorption of the anti-Kx serum with purified, pooled, normal human granulocytes, 11 of 21 (53%) of normal granulocytes were non-reactive by 125I-SPA and 16 of 20 (80%) by ABC. This pattern of reactivity was shown to be due to contamination of our anti-Kx serum with an antibody to a granulocyte-specific antigen unrelated to the Kx antigen. After adsorption, there was no diminution in the reactivity of the adsorbed anti-Kx compared to the unadsorbed antiserum against red cells which express strong Kx antigen, i.e. Ko and DTT-modified normal human red cells, by either serologic or 125I-SPA techniques. Likewise, reactivity with McLeod red cells, which have weak expression of the Kx antigen, was not changed using either the unadsorbed or adsorbed anti-Kx. The adsorbed anti-Kx was nonreactive with all 12 normal donors' granulocytes tested by 125I-SPA and with 10 normal donors' granulocytes tested by ABC. Furthermore, granulocytes from a Ko individual were nonreactive using either unadsorbed or adsorbed anti-Kx. These studies indicate that Kx antigen is not present on normal human granulocytes. Further, additional adsorption studies using granulocytes from a boy with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) indicated that these granulocytes also do not possess the Kx antigen. In contrast to previous reports, these data suggest that Kx antigen is most probably a red cell-specific antigen and that the red cell Kx antigen has no direct relationship to the biochemical defect in CGD.
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